Eur. Phys. J. E (2014) 37: 110
https://doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2014-14110-6

Regular Article

Swimming of an assembly of rigid spheres at low Reynolds number

Institut für Theorie der Statistischen Physik, RWTH Aachen University, Templergraben 55, 52056, Aachen, Germany

^* e-mail: ufelder@physik.rwth-aachen.de

Received: 11 July 2014
Revised: 15 September 2014
Accepted: 27 October 2014
Published online: 20 November 2014

Abstract

A matrix formulation is derived for the calculation of the swimming speed and the power required for swimming of an assembly of rigid spheres immersed in a viscous fluid of infinite extent. The spheres may have arbitrary radii and may interact with elastic forces. The analysis is based on the Stokes mobility matrix of the set of spheres, defined in low Reynolds number hydrodynamics. For small amplitude, swimming optimization of the swimming speed at given power leads to an eigenvalue problem. The method allows straightforward calculation of the swimming performance of structures modeled as assemblies of interacting rigid spheres.