https://doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2006-10253-3
Regular Article
Rotation of single crystals of chiral dopants at the top of a nematic droplet: Analogy with Lehmann effect
1
Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Prospekt Nauky 46, 03028, Kiyv-28, Ukraine
2
Institute for Scintillation Materials of STC “Institute for Single Crystals” of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lenin Ave. 60, 61001, Kharkiv, Ukraine
* e-mail: igvozd@iop.kiev.ua
** e-mail: lisetski@isc.kharkov.com
Received:
5
September
2006
Accepted:
16
October
2007
Published online:
5
December
2007
Detailed studies are reported of the Lehmann-type effect of rotation of small single crystals of chiral substances during their dissolution at the top of a nematic droplet, which was first noted in our previous works. The rotation effect is shown to be essentially dependent on the dopant chirality. The angular velocity of the rotation of the chiral dopant crystals is experimentally shown to be dependent on the crystal dimensions, helical-twisting power of the dopant (determined in independent measurements) and viscosity of the nematic solvent, whereas no rotation was observed for non-chiral dopants or in isotropic solvents under the same conditions. For systematic series of dopants (e.g., cholesterol esters), the angular velocity was proportional to the helical-twisting power; with different nematic matrices, the observed angular velocity was proportional to the rotational-viscosity coefficient γ1 ; also, in a certain size range, it was inversely proportional to the characteristic linear dimension of the dissolved crystal. Basing on unit dimensions arguments, a semi-empirical equation is proposed giving a common quantitative description of the whole set of experimental data obtained. It is argued that the obtained results a) suggest a novel method for the evaluation of the helical-twisting power, especially useful for dopants of weak chirality, and b) that they are a direct evidence of transformation of the energy of chiral interactions into the energy of the molecular movement.
PACS: 64.70.Md Transitions in liquid crystals – / 61.30.Eb Experimental determinations of smectic, nematic, cholesteric, and other structures – / 47.55.Kf Multiphase and stratified flows: Particle-laden flows –
© EDP Sciences, Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag, 2007