Eur. Phys. J. E (2021) 44: 33
https://doi.org/10.1140/epje/s10189-021-00022-z

Regular Article - Soft Matter

Localization model description of the interfacial dynamics of crystalline Cu and ${\text{Cu}}_{64}{\text{Zr}}_{36}$ metallic glass nanoparticles

¹ Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, T6G 1H9, Edmonton, AB, Canada
² Material Measurement Laboratory, Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 20899, Maryland, USA

^b hao.zhang@ualberta.ca
^c jack.douglas@nist.gov

Received: 11 December 2020
Accepted: 20 January 2021
Published online: 15 March 2021

Abstract

Many of the special properties of nanoparticles (NPs) and nanomaterials broadly derive from the significant fraction of particles (atoms, molecules or segments of polymeric molecules) in the NP interfacial region in which the interparticle interactions are characteristically highly anharmonic in comparison to the bulk material. This leads to relatively large mean square particle displacements relative to the material interior, often resulting in a strong increase interfacial mobility and reactivity in both crystalline and glass NPs. The ‘Debye–Waller factor’, or the mean square particle displacement $<u^2>$ on a ps ‘caging’ timescale relative to the square of the average interparticle distance ${\mathrm{\sigma }}^2$, provides an often experimentally accessible measure of the strength of this anharmonic interaction. The Localization Model (LM) of the dynamics of condensed materials relates this thermodynamic property to the structural relaxation time ${\tau }_{\alpha }$, determined from the intermediate scattering function, without any free parameters. Moreover, the LM allows for the prediction of the diffusion coefficient D when combined with the ‘decoupling’ or Fractional Stokes-Einstein relation linking ${\tau }_{\alpha }$ to D. In the current study, we employed classical molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the structural relaxation and diffusion of model ${\text{Cu}}_{64}{\text{Zr}}_{36}$ metallic glass and Cu crystalline NPs with different sizes. As with previous studies validating the LM on model bulk and crystalline materials, and for the interfacial dynamics of thin crystalline and metallic glass films, we find the LM model also describes the interfacial dynamics of model crystalline metal (Cu) and metallic glass (${\text{Cu}}_{64}{\text{Zr}}_{36})$ NPs to a good approximation, further confirming the generality of the model.