Eur. Phys. J. E (2019) 42: 128
https://doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2019-11893-8

Regular Article

Effect of surfactant alkyl chain length on lyotropic uniaxial to biaxial cholesteric phase transitions

¹ Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 14030, Golkoy, Bolu, Turkey
² Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 1371, 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

^* e-mail: akpinar_e@ibu.edu.tr

Received: 1 June 2019
Accepted: 19 August 2019
Published online: 25 September 2019

Abstract

Some ionic surfactant-based lyotropic mixtures, exhibiting cholesteric phases, were prepared to investigate the effect of the surfactant alkyl chain length on a) uniaxial-to-biaxial phase transitions and b) stabilization of different cholesteric phases. Potassium alkanoates, KCx, (potassium undecanoate, KC11, potassium dodecanoate, KC12, and potassium tridecanoate, KC13) were chosen as the surfactant molecules. The lyotropic mixtures, which were composed of KCx/potassium sulfate (K₂SO₄)/decanol (DeOH)/water/brucine, where brucine is a chiral dopant molecule, were studied. Partial phase diagrams were constructed to show how the surfactant alkyl chain affects the phase topologies in the phase diagrams. It was observed that the presence of a longer surfactant alkyl chain in the mixture favors the stabilization of the larger discotic cholesteric, Ch_D, and cholesteric biaxial, Ch_B, phase domains. The phase transitions from the uniaxial cholesteric to biaxial cholesteric phase were shifted to lower temperatures.