https://doi.org/10.1140/epje/s10189-025-00553-9
Research - Living Systems
Small equatorial deformation of homogeneous spherical fluid vesicles
1
Facultad de Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Periférico Norte, Tablaje 13615, 97110, Merida, Yucatán, Mexico
2
SECIHTI-Facultad de Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Periférico Norte, Tablaje 13615, 97110, Merida, Yucatán, Mexico
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Received:
10
October
2025
Accepted:
29
December
2025
Published online:
28
January
2026
We examine the reaction of a homogeneous spherical fluid vesicle to the force exerted by a rigid circular ring located at its equator in the linear regime. We solve analytically the linearized first integral of the Euler–Lagrange equation subject to the global constraints of fixed area and volume, as well as to the local constraint imposed by the ring. We determine the first-order perturbations to the generating curve of the spherical membrane, which are characterized by the difference of the radii of the membrane and the ring, and by a parameter depending on the physical quantities of the membrane. We determine the total force that is required to begin the deformation of the membrane, which gives rise to a discontinuity in the curvature of the membrane across the ring.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, SIF and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
